Boat Surveys – What Do They Examine and What’s Not Covered?

Whether you’re purchasing a new vessel, insuring one, or ensuring your current boat is seaworthy, a professional boat survey is a vital step. A boat survey provides an assessment of the vessel’s condition, helping you make informed decisions. However, it’s important to understand what’s included in a boat survey and, equally importantly, what is not.

What Do Boat Surveys Examine?

Boat surveys are typically conducted by certified marine surveyors and can vary in scope depending on the purpose of the survey (e.g., pre-purchase, insurance, or valuation). Here’s what’s commonly examined:

1. Structural Integrity

The surveyor inspects the hull, deck, and superstructure for signs of damage, wear, or weakness. This includes looking for:

• Cracks, blisters, or delamination in fiberglass hulls.
• Rust, corrosion, or pitting in metal hulls.
• Rot or deterioration in wooden structures.

2. Mechanical Systems

Engines, propulsion systems, and other mechanical components are checked to ensure they are operational and safe. This includes:

• Engine performance and condition.
• Fuel system integrity.
• Steering and control systems.

3. Electrical Systems

Surveyors examine the boat’s wiring and electrical systems to identify potential hazards, such as faulty circuits or outdated installations.

4. Safety Equipment

Compliance with safety regulations is assessed. The surveyor checks for:

• Fire extinguishers and fire suppression systems.
• Life jackets and other personal flotation devices.
• Emergency signaling devices (e.g., flares, EPIRBs).

5. Plumbing Systems

The survey includes an inspection of onboard plumbing, such as freshwater and wastewater systems, ensuring there are no leaks or blockages.

6. Exterior and Interior Condition

The general condition of the boat’s interior and exterior, including fixtures, fittings, and finishes, is evaluated.

7. Rigging and Sails (for Sailboats)

For sailboats, the mast, boom, rigging, and sails are examined for wear and damage that could affect performance or safety.

What’s Not Covered in a Boat Survey?

While a boat survey is thorough, it’s not all-encompassing. There are limitations to what the surveyor can assess, often due to access restrictions or the scope of their expertise. Here are some areas that may not be covered:

1. Components That Are Not Readily Accessible

Surveyors generally perform non-invasive inspections, meaning they won’t dismantle parts of the boat to examine hidden components. This can include:

• Internal engine parts.
• Buried wiring or plumbing.
• Areas sealed behind bulkheads or panels.

2. Cosmetic Defects

Minor cosmetic issues, such as small scratches or superficial wear, may not be documented unless they affect functionality or safety.

3. Specialized Equipment

Certain onboard systems, such as advanced electronics, navigation systems, or entertainment systems, might not be tested thoroughly unless specified.

4. Environmental or Hazardous Materials

Surveyors typically do not test for environmental hazards such as mold, asbestos, or hazardous chemicals unless specifically requested.

5. Warranty or Historical Research

Boat surveys do not typically include checks on the vessel’s warranty status, past repairs, or ownership history.

6. Sea Trials (Unless Specified)

While a sea trial is an excellent way to evaluate a boat’s performance in water, it’s not always included in a standard survey. Be sure to arrange one separately if needed.

How to Get the Most Out of a Boat Survey

1. Communicate Your Needs: Clearly outline your expectations with the surveyor before the inspection.
2. Choose the Right Survey Type: Decide on the type of survey you need—pre-purchase, insurance, or valuation.
3. Accompany the Surveyor: If possible, be present during the survey to ask questions and gain firsthand insights.
4. Review the Report Thoroughly: Understand the findings, and if needed, consult with experts for clarification.
5. Budget for Additional Inspections: If areas outside the survey’s scope require evaluation, plan for supplementary inspections by specialists.

Final Thoughts

A boat survey is an invaluable tool for assessing a vessel’s condition and ensuring your investment is sound. However, knowing its limitations is just as important as understanding its benefits. By setting realistic expectations and addressing uncovered areas separately, you can confidently navigate the process and enjoy smooth sailing ahead.